The Structure and Role of the Bridge Bearings

The bridge rubber bearing is an important structural component connecting the upper and the lower structure of the bridge. It can reliably transmit the reaction force and deformation (displacement and rotation angle) of the upper structure of the bridge to the lower of the bridge so that the actual force of the structure is consistent with the calculated theoretical scheme.

The bridge rubber bearing is placed on the pier and the top surface supports the device of the bridge superstructure. Its function is to fix the superstructure to the pier and abutment, bear various forces acting on the superstructure, and reliably transmit it to the pier and abutment; under the action of load, temperature, concrete shrinkage, and creep, the support can adapt to the superstructure The rotation angle and displacement of the upper structure can be freely deformed without additional internal force.

The structure of the bridge rubber bearing should conform to the theoretical calculation scheme of the superstructure. For example, when the supporting pressure is transmitted through a fixed point, the bearing should be designed as a fixed bearing that can only allow the end of the structure to rotate but not move. If the supporting pressure is transmitted through a fixed point and acting in a certain direction, it should be designed as a movable bearing that can both rotate and move. There are three types of bridge rubber bearings: horizontal bidirectional fixed bearings (ie, fixed bearings), horizontal bidirectional movable bearings (or bidirectional movable bearings), and unidirectional movable bearings (ie, movable bearings). Its layout should be determined according to the width of the bridge.

The bridge rubber bearing is an important force transmission device of the bridge. In addition to considering its sufficient strength, rigidity, and free rotation or movement performance in the design, attention should also be paid to easy maintenance and replacement. During construction, attention should be paid to the leveling of the concrete cushion under the seat slab, and its placement position should be determined according to the temperature. Anti-seismic measures should be considered in the earthquake zone.

Rubber bearings are tightly combined with rubber and thin steel plates to support the weight of the bridge. They are mainly divided into laminated rubber bearings, pot rubber bearings, spherical bearings, etc.

The PTFE laminated rubber bearing is to stick a layer of 1.5mm-3mm thick PTFE plate on the surface of the ordinary laminated rubber bearing. In addition to having all the functions of the GYZ series rubber bearings, the low friction coefficient between the PTFE plate (F4 plate) and the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the beam enables the horizontal displacement of the upper structure without being affected by the shear deformation of the bearing itself. It can meet the large displacement needs of some bridges.

The PTFE laminated rubber bearing is not only advanced in technology and excellent in performance, but also has the characteristics of simple structure, low price, no maintenance, easy replacement of shock isolation, low building height, etc., so it is very popular and widely used in bridge construction.

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